GRE Acronyms
It seems as if every manufacturer has adopted a different name for their gradient echo sequences. Why is this? Can you sort this out for me?
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Unfortunately, no uniform system of nomenclature for gradient echo sequences has been adopted by MR manufacturers. It is literally an "acronym jungle" as more than 50 different names and abbreviations have been devised by different vendors to differentiate and market their products. A number of these names are patented/trademarked and so cannot be used by other vendors. The best I can do is provide the following table that may serve as a guide (an update of one I published twenty years ago).
CLICK TABLE TO ENLARGE
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BASG
BRAVO CISS COSMIC DESS FAME FE FFE FIESTA FIESTA-C FISP FLASH GE, GRE GEIR GRASE GRASS LAVA MEDIC MENSA MERGE M-FFE MP-RAGE PBSG PSIF RGE RSSG SARGE (SG) SSFP TGSE THRIVE TIGRE TRSG VIBE |
Balanced SARGE (Steady-state Acquisition Rewound Gradient Echo)
Brain Volume imaging Constructive Interference in the Steady Steady State Coherent Oscillatory State Acquisition for Manipulation of Imaging Contrast Double Echo Steady State Fast Acquisition with Multiphase Elliptical fast gradient echo Field Echo Fast Field Echo Fast Imaging Employing Steady State Acquisition Fast Imaging Employing Steady State Acquisition - Constructive Interference Fast Imaging with Steady Precession Fast Low Angle Shot Gradient Echo Gradient Echo Inversion Recovery Gradient And Spin Echo Gradient Recalled Acquisition in the Steady State Liver Acquisition with Volume Acceleration Multi-Echo Data Image Combination Multi-Echo iN Steady-state Acquisition Multiple Echo Recombined Gradient Echo Multiple Fast Field Echo Magnetization Prepared Rapid Gradient Echo Phase Balanced SARGE Time-reversed FISP Rapid Gradient Echo RF-Spoiled SARGE Steady-state Acquisition Rewound Gradient Echo Steady State Free Precession Turbo Gradient Spin Echo T1-weighted High Resolution Isotropic Volume Examination T1-weighted GRadient Echo Time-Reversed SARGE Volumetric Interpolated Breath-hold Examination |
References
Chavhan GB, Babyn PS, Jankharia BG et al. Steady-state MR imaging sequences: physics, classification, and clinical applications. Radiographics 2008;28:1147-1160. [DOI Link]
Elster AD. Gradient echo imaging: techniques and acronyms. Radiology 1993; 186:1-8. (My older review; still accurate, though some vendors have gone out of business. Gives a good history of the development of GRE sequences). [DOI Link]
Hargreaves B. Rapid gradient-echo imaging. J Mag Reson Imaging 2012;36:1300-1313. (A great, but not overly technical, modern review). [DOI Link]
Markl M, Leupold J. Gradient echo imaging. J Magn Reson Imaging 2012; 35:1274-1289. [DOI Link] (good review)
Chavhan GB, Babyn PS, Jankharia BG et al. Steady-state MR imaging sequences: physics, classification, and clinical applications. Radiographics 2008;28:1147-1160. [DOI Link]
Elster AD. Gradient echo imaging: techniques and acronyms. Radiology 1993; 186:1-8. (My older review; still accurate, though some vendors have gone out of business. Gives a good history of the development of GRE sequences). [DOI Link]
Hargreaves B. Rapid gradient-echo imaging. J Mag Reson Imaging 2012;36:1300-1313. (A great, but not overly technical, modern review). [DOI Link]
Markl M, Leupold J. Gradient echo imaging. J Magn Reson Imaging 2012; 35:1274-1289. [DOI Link] (good review)
Related Questions
There are so many different GRE sequences. Can you make sense of these?
There are so many different GRE sequences. Can you make sense of these?